Determinism and Free Will
Determinism and Free Will is one of the classic debates in psychology and refers to the extent that psychologists believe human behaviour is influenced by forces beyond our control. [...]
Culture Bias In Psychology
Culture Bias in Psychology is when a piece or pieces of research are conducted in one culture and the findings are generalised and said to apply to lots of different cultures. Cultural bias can [...]
Institutional Aggression in the context of prisons: Dispositional and Situational Explanations.
AO1: Explanations of Institutional Aggression (the AQA Specification refers to aggression in prisons):Psychologists have been very interested in how institutions such as prisons might cultivate [...]
Social Psychological Explanations of Human Aggression, including the Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis, Social Learning Theory as applied to Human aggression, and Deindividuation.
The Frustration Aggression Hypothesis is a social psychological theory that argues that anger, hostility and even violence are always the outcome when we are prevented from achieving our goals [...]
The Ethological Explanation of Aggression, including reference to Innate Releasing Mechanisms and Fixed Action Patterns. Evolutionary Explanations of Human Aggression.
Lorenz (an Evolutionary Psychologist) observed that fights between animals of the same species resulted in little actual physical damage. Most aggressive encounters comprised of mainly [...]
Genetic factors in aggression, including the MAOA gene
Several studies have suggested that heritability accounts for about 50% of the variance in aggressive behaviour. Monozygotic (identical) twins share 100% of their genes, while dizygotic [...]
Neural and hormonal mechanisms in aggression, including the roles of the limbic system, serotonin and testosterone.
Subcortical structures in the brain (including the hypothalamus and amygdala) thought to be closely involved in regulating emotional behaviour.
Androgyny and The Bem Sex Role Inventory
What is it? Androgyny is displaying a balance of similarly high levels of masculine and feminine characteristics in one's personality.
Gender differences in coping with stress. The role of social support in coping with stress, types of social support, including instrumental, emotional and esteem support.
Description, AO1 Gender Differences in Coping with Stress: One of the criticisms of the research into the acute stress response (the SAM pathway) is that it was derived from studies using male [...]
Managing and coping with stress: drug therapy (benzodiazepines, beta blockers), stress inoculation therapy and biofeedback.
Examples of Anti-anxiety drugs include; Librium and Valium (these are the most common drugs to treat anxiety and stress).
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